Current
Here we highlight each month two current articles from the Health and Disease Knowledge Base.
These articles describe either a novel technique, newly discovered protein, or a new role for proteins that have been described extensively before.
Cardiovascular
NADPH oxidases and vascular remodeling in cardiovascular diseases. PMID: 27773825 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.015
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules that regulate vascular function and structure in physiological conditions. A misbalance between the production and detoxification of ROS increases oxidative stress that is involved in the vascular remodeling associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension by affecting inflammation, hypertrophy, migration, growth/apoptosis and extracellular matrix protein turnover. The major and more specific source of ROS in the cardiovascular system is the NADPH oxidase (NOX) family of enzymes composed of seven members (NOX1-5, DUOX 1/2). Vascular cells express several NOXs being NOX-1 and NOX-4 the most abundant NOXs present in vascular smooth muscle cells. This review focuses on specific aspects of NOX-1 and NOX-4 isoforms including information on regulation, function and their role in vascular remodeling. In order to obtain a more integrated view about the role of the different NOX isoforms in different types of vascular remodeling, we discuss the available literature not only on hypertension but also in atherosclerosis, restenosis and aortic dilation.
Regeneration
Salmon DNA Accelerates Bone Regeneration by Inducing Osteoblast Migration.
PMID: 28060874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169522
Abstract
The initial step of bone regeneration requires the migration of osteogenic cells to defective sites. Our previous studies suggest that a salmon DNA-based scaffold can promote the bone regeneration of calvarial defects in rats. We speculate that the salmon DNA may possess osteoinductive properties, including the homing of migrating osteogenic cells. In the present study, we investigated the influence of the salmon DNA on osteoblastic differentiation and induction of osteoblast migration using MG63 cells (human preosteoblasts) in vitro. Moreover, we analyzed the bone regeneration of a critical-sized in vivo calvarial bone defect (CSD) model in rats. The salmon DNA enhanced both mRNA and protein expression of the osteogenesis-related factors, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase, and osterix (OSX) in the MG63 cells, compared with the cultivation using osteogenic induction medium alone. From the histochemical and immunohistochemical assays using frozen sections of the bone defects from animals that were implanted with DNA disks, many cells were found to express aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, one of the markers for mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, OSX was observed in the replaced connective tissue of the bone defects. These findings indicate that the DNA induced the migration and accumulation of osteogenic cells to the regenerative tissue. Furthermore, an in vitro transwell migration assay showed that the addition of DNA enhanced an induction of osteoblast migration, compared with the medium alone. The implantation of the DNA disks promoted bone regeneration in the CSD of rats, compared with that of collagen disks. These results indicate that the salmon DNA enhanced osteoblastic differentiation and induction of migration, resulting in the facilitation of bone regeneration.
Conferences - Workshops (Check & Add)
Upcoming cell migration related conferences and workshops and provide links to jobs sites specific for science. If you know an upcoming conference or workshop that should be mentioned here, please contact us at help@cellmigration.org with place, date and a web-link.
Society for Leukocyte Biology
European Chemokine and Cell Migration Conference
Dates: Sep 6, 2017
Location: Cardiff, UK
http://leukocytebiology.org/Resources/SLB-News/Events.aspx
French Societies for Cell Biology and Developmental Biology
2nd Joint SFBD / SBCF Meeting
WHEN DEVELOPMENT MEETS CELL BIOLOGY
Dates: April 26 - 29, 2017
Location: Lyon, France
http://www.atoutcom.com/SFBD-SBCF2017
CellMig 2017
International Workshop on Cell Migration
This event belongs to a series of satellite meetings of the 9th IUPAP International Conference on Biological Physics (ICBP2017), to be held in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, from 5 to 9 June 2017.
Dates: 12 to 14 June, 2017
Loction: Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
http://www.if.ufrgs.br/cellmig2017
XIII European Meeting on Glial Cells in Health and Disease
Dates: July 8 - 11, 2017
Location: Edinburgh, United Kingdom
http://www.glia2017.eu
Jobs
Links to websites with science related job openings. Any vacancies in one of our affiliated groups will be announced here first before anywhere else.
Microscope/Imaging Scientist, Klaus Hahn laboratory, UNC-Chapel Hill
We are seeking a person to focus on imaging, and to help us develop and maintain novel microscopes. This person will assist in the design and construction of new microscopes, and carry out imaging studies on live cells using biosensors and optogenetics. We currently have scopes with major components assembled in house (single particle tracking, spinning disk confocal, lifetime imaging, 2 photon imaging, spinTIRF, multiplexed imaging, multiplexed biosensors/optogenetics, high content screening, LLSM under construction). A candidate with relevant experience could also participate in software development for microscope automation and image analysis. Experience in any of the following areas would be valuable: cell biology, engineering, optics, microscope automation, lasers, programming, and imaging of live cells or animals. Salary is dependent on experience and background. This position is centered in the Hahn lab, but will involve interaction with other groups focused on microscope development, especially the labs of Richard Superfine at UNC, and the Advanced Imaging Center at Janelia Farm.
Please write to Klaus Hahn at khahn@med.unc.edu.
Research Specialist, Hanein Lab
A Research Specialist position is available in the Hanein lab at the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute
https://sbpdiscoveryhr.silkroad.com/epostings/index.cfm?fuseaction=app.jobinfo&jobid=219172&version=2#.WG8W2QzEkRs.email ID=219172-891
Naturejobs
http://www.nature.com/naturejobs/science
Science Careers
http://jobs.sciencecareers.org
New Scientist Jobs
https://jobs.newscientist.com